Friday, 2 March 2012

Photography 1: P & P, Proj 9: A Comfortable Situation

Project 9: A comfortable situation

The objective of this project was to find an outdoor situation where there would be many people and activity, and in which I would feel comfortable using a camera to photograph people.

I chose the annual St David's Day dragon parade in St David's in Pembrokeshire.  There were lots of people involved in the parade.  The children of the city had made the brightly coloured dragons themselves during the days leading up to the event.  Many people were either taking part in the parade or lining the route.  Everyone involved was in a happy mood, enjoying the early spring sunshine.  As there were many people with cameras recording the event, I was able to go unnoticed with my camera.

I have shown some of the resulting images below:

7565; F13; 1/200s; 99mm (Equivalent)

7568; F13; 1/400s; 45mm (Equivalent)

7569; F13; 1/200s; 87mm (Equivalent)

7572; F13; 1/250s; 87mm (Equivalent)

7575; F13; 1/400s; 127mm (Equivalent)

7576; F13; 1/400s; 63mm (Equivalent)

7586; F13; 1/320s; 93mm (Equivalent)

I was very comfortable taking these photographs because of the large crowd and the focus of the crowd on the parade.  There were many other people with cameras.  This meant that I was largely inconspicuous with my own camera.  The result was a relaxed environment where I could take photographs freely without much attention being paid to me.

What have I learned from this project?

When setting out to photograph people so as to capture them in a relaxed pose, it is best to mingle in with the crowd of other onlookers, preferably with cameras of their own.  This enables you to comfortably take photos largely unnoticed.

Friday, 17 February 2012

Photography 1:People and Place, Assignment 1 (Rev)

Assignment 1: A Portrait (Revised)

 Original version can be found at: 10/02/2012

Critical assessment of finished assignment images:


Reclining Subject
In this image the subject is in a relaxed pose.  The light from the window has provided an interesting lighting effect.  The pose has allowed the subject to remain relaxed while the photograph is taken.  The plain background has helped to keep the focus on the subject.  The diagonal lines and triangle formed by the subject's supporting arm add interest to the composition.


Squatting Subject










 In this portrait the subject is shown in a squatting position.  I asked the subject to adopt this pose to make for a more dynamic portrait.  This has been successful because the angles created by the subject's arms and legs create some movement in the image.  Again the plain background has helped to keep the focus on the subject.


Through a Blind
 In this image the subject is looking at something other than the camera, implying at once a passive pose to be looked at rather than admired.  There is no confrontation with an implied viewer.  The photograph was taken from outside, looking in.  By placing the focus on the slats of the window blind the subject is not quite sharp.  This has reinforced the lack of confrontation with the viewer.  If creating this image again I would attempt to reduce the amount of background detail in the image.  This could be achieved by experimenting with a wider aperture.

When viewing the photograph we are physically distant from the subject even though they appear to be seen at close range.  As in Walker Evans' photo "Alice Mae Burroughs, Wife of a Cotton Share-cropper, Hale County, Alabama, 1936, The solemnity of a direct confrontation between the photographer and subject is not present.  It has been replaced by a more casual sort of encounter.  There is no staring here, no clinical examination.  The subject is not tightly contained by a strictly frontal pose.  The subject appears unaware of the photographer and therefore is relaxed and not hiding behind her "performance face".



Reflection
This image is of the reflection of the subject in a bevelled bathroom mirror.  The light was provided by window light, reflected onto the subject's face by the mirror.  This has provided good all round lighting of the subject.  A wide aperture was used to give a shallow depth of field.  If I were to repeat this portrait I would use a wider aperture to blur out some of the distracting background detail.  The colour in the subject's face and clothing stands out well against the almost monochrome background.  Some of the background detail and the vertical line on the left have been removed in this revised image.  These parts of the image were distracting and now the overall effect is stronger.  I also lightened the eyes a little to remove some of the shadow as this is where the focus is in the image.



Moving Head
This portrait was shot using window light reflected from a mirror placed in front of the subject.  The subject was asked to turn her head towards the camera while the photograph was being taken.  A slow shutter speed was used to blur the image.  The portrait has been successful in that the subject and her character are still recognisable even with the blurring of her features.  The objective of the technique was to make the face and hair of the subject look smooth and perfect.  This has been achieved.

The inspiration for this photograph was Gerhard Richter's "Betty, 1988".  The blurriness of  Richter's image was a reference to the soft focus technique of early 20th century Pictorialism, intended to dignify camera images by associating them with the visual properties of impressionist painting and non-photographic printmaking practices.


Walking Past
This image is from a shoot of moving subjects.  The subject was walking past a doorway while the photograph was taken.  The lighting was provided by light from a window behind the camera.  The success of this image is due to the fact that the subject is captured in a relaxed walking pose.  The blur adds to the sense of motion.  If this portrait was to be recreated I would have kept the background sharper by placing the camera on a tripod, as this would have improved the sense of movement.  Also avoiding the dark column at the right of the image would have improved the image.

Blurry Subject
This photograph was shot during the evening in a bar on a camera phone.  The lighting conditions were low and difficult for such a simple camera.  Because the apparent subject is unexpectedly blurry, confusion and ambiguity is created.  Hopefully the viewer is forced to ask, "what is the subject of this picture?".  The experience of looking changes from passive to interrogative.  I have also attempted to capture emotion by producing an image that is grainy and seems hastily composed.  I believe that the image is successful in achieving this aim.  If this portrait were to be re-created using a better quality camera, more able to cope with the difficult lighting conditions a better result could be achieved.

The inspiration for this image was a photograph by Robert Frank, called "Movie Premiere, Hollywood, c.1954".  By making the foreground subject blurry and the background spectators in the image sharply focussed, he has created tension between two optically different worlds, and reversed the conventional optical scheme.

Skills

I need to strengthen my skills in the use of different apertures to achieve various depths of field.  This would enable my images to either include or exclude background detail as required.  I also need to improve my skills in making the subject relaxed so as to create more interesting portraits.

I hope to improve my skills in these areas by creating more portraits using different types of lenses and apertures.

Friday, 10 February 2012

Photography 1: People and Place Assignment 1

Assignment 1: A Portrait

Critical assessment of finished assignment images:


Reclining Subject
In this image the subject is in a relaxed pose.  The light from the window has provided an interesting lighting effect.  The pose has allowed the subject to remain relaxed while the photograph is taken.  The plain background has helped to keep the focus on the subject.  The diagonal lines and triangle formed by the subject's supporting arm add interest to the composition.


Squatting Subject










 In this portrait the subject is shown in a squatting position.  I asked the subject to adopt this pose to make for a more dynamic portrait.  This has been successful because the angles created by the subject's arms and legs create some movement in the image.  Again the plain background has helped to keep the focus on the subject.


Through a Blind
 In this image the subject is looking at something other than the camera, implying at once a passive pose to be looked at rather than admired.  There is no confrontation with an implied viewer.  The photograph was taken from outside, looking in.  By placing the focus on the slats of the window blind the subject is not quite sharp.  This has reinforced the lack of confrontation with the viewer.  If creating this image again I would attempt to reduce the amount of background detail in the image.  This could be achieved by experimenting with a wider aperture.



Reflection
This image is of the reflection of the subject in a bevelled bathroom mirror.  The light was provided by window light, reflected onto the subject's face by the mirror.  This has provided good all round lighting of the subject.  A wide aperture was used to give a shallow depth of field.  If I were to repeat this portrait I would use a wider aperture to blur out some of the distracting background detail.  The colour in the subject's face and clothing stands out well against the almost monochrome background.



Moving Head
This portrait was shot using window light reflected from a mirror placed in front of the subject.  The subject was asked to turn her head towards the camera while the photograph was being taken.  A slow shutter speed was used to blur the image.  The portrait has been successful in that the subject and her character are still recognisable even with the blurring of her features.  The objective of the technique was to make the face and hair of the subject look smooth and perfect.  This has been achieved.

The inspiration for this photograph was Gerhard Richter's "Betty, 1988".  The blurriness of  Richter's image was a reference to the soft focus technique of early 20th century Pictorialism, intended to dignify camera images by associating them with the visual properties of impressionist painting and non-photographic printmaking practices.


Walking Past
This image is from a shoot of moving subjects.  The subject was walking past a doorway while the photograph was taken.  The lighting was provided by light from a window behind the camera.  The success of this image is due to the fact that the subject is captured in a relaxed walking pose.  The blur adds to the sense of motion.  If this portrait was to be recreated I would have kept the background sharper by placing the camera on a tripod, as this would have improved the sense of movement.  Also avoiding the dark column at the right of the image would have improved the image.

Blurry Subject
This photograph was shot during the evening in a bar on a camera phone.  The lighting conditions were low and difficult for such a simple camera.  Because the apparent subject is unexpectedly blurry, confusion and ambiguity is created.  Hopefully the viewer is forced to ask, "what is the subject of this picture?".  The experience of looking changes from passive to interrogative.  I have also attempted to capture emotion by producing an image that is grainy and seems hastily composed.  I believe that the image is successful in achieving this aim.  If this portrait were to be re-created using a better quality camera, more able to cope with the difficult lighting conditions a better result could be achieved.

The inspiration for this image was a photograph by Robert Frank, called "Movie Premiere, Hollywood, c.1954".  By making the foreground subject blurry and the background spectators in the image sharply focussed, he has created tension between two optically different worlds, and reversed the conventional optical scheme.

Skills

I need to strengthen my skills in the use of different apertures to achieve various depths of field.  This would enable my images to either include or exclude background detail as required.  I also need to improve my skills in making the subject relaxed so as to create more interesting portraits.

I hope to improve my skills in these areas by creating more portraits using different types of lenses and apertures.

Revised version can be found at 30/01/13

Friday, 27 January 2012

Photography 1: P & P, Proj 8: Varying Pose

Project 8: Varying pose

Prior to completing this exercise I researched the poses used in magazines that featured pictures of people.  I noted the variety of poses that are used.

I set up a portrait session and planned for the subject to adopt different positions.  The positions chosen were sitting/kneeling, standing and squatting.  Within these positions I suggested different limb positions to the subject.  Some limb positions were more effective and attractive than others.

The best of the images from the shoot are shown below:



Sitting/Kneeling
8190; F2.8; 1/125s; F75mm (prime)
8251; F2.8; 1/125s; F75mm (prime)
8261; F2.8; 1/125s; F75mm (prime)

Standing

8200; F2.8; 1/100s; F75mm (prime)
8201; F2.8; 1/100s; F75mm (prime)
8215; F2.8; 1/250s; F75mm (prime)
8242; F2.8; 1/100s; F75mm (prime)

Squatting
8232; F2.8; 1/160s; F75mm (prime)
What have I learned from this exercise?
When creating images it is important to experiment with lots of different limb positions.  In these images the diagonal angles of the arms and legs have added a element of movement to the images.  This has produced attractive portraits of the subject.

Photography 1: P & P, Proj 7: Focal Length & Character

Project 7: Focal length and character

For this exercise I made exactly the same framing on a face with different focal lengths.  I used three focal lengths: 24mm, 75mm and 158mm.  I moved the camera toward and away from the subject to keep the framing consistent.  A gold reflector was held below the subject to reflect light into the shadow areas of the face.  I then examined the results of the shoot and noted the differences between the portraits in terms of how attractive or acceptable I thought the results looked.

The minimum amount of space between a lens and subject should be around 2 metres.  A focal length of approx. 80mm to 120mm (full frame SLR equivalent) is best.  A wider lens will exaggerate the apparent size of the nose and the front part of the face.

The images produced are shown below:

8181; 24mm focal length; F5.6; 1/40s
In this portrait the nose and front part of the face is too pronounced.  This is not a flattering portrait of the subject.

8183; 75mm focal length; F5.6; 1/40s
The parts of the face in this portrait are well proportioned.  There is a flattering balance to the subject's features.  This is the best focal length of the 3 for portrait use.

8186; 158mm focal length; F5.6; 1/30s
The features in this portrait are flatter than the previous.  The portrait is less flattering than that produced using a focal length of 75mm.  However the result is acceptable.

What have I learned from this exercise?

Generally speaking, the longer the lens the more flattering a close-up portrait becomes.  A silver or gold reflector held below the face adds a sparkle to the subject's eyes.

Most people look better in black and white than they do in colour.  They seem to carry a greater authority and strength, especially for male portraits.

A black and white portrait will remove distractions from the face.

Friday, 20 January 2012

Photography 1: P & P, Proj 6: The Best of a Sequence

Project 6: The best of a sequence.

For this project I set up a portrait session in a formal structured way to give a consistent setting and framing.  The only variables between the series of pictures was the expressions and gestures of the subject.  The subject changed clothes part way through to add variety.  The lighting was changed slightly during the shoot by using a silver, gold or white reflector.

I concentrated on the person's expression as the main element of the photographs.  I assessed it from frame to frame in order to select the best of the sequence.  This on-the-spot assessment helped to direct my subject and the moment I chose to make each exposure.

Immediately after the shooting, I wrote down the frame by frame progress of my subject's expression, noting which I felt at the time were the best.  I took a total of 34 images.  I then stopped as I ran out of ideas for poses/expressions.

I then opened the sequence of images in a browser and reviewed the images a second time.  I rated them as a) not good, b) acceptable, c) good and d) the best single shot, according to my judgement.  This later review differed from the way I saw it at the time in that slight differences in lighting could by discerned better when viewed in the browser.  I downgraded some images to acceptable rather than good when viewed again.

The two images rated as good are shown below:

8154; F5.6; 1/30s; "Good"
8176; F5.6; 1/40s; "Good"
The image that I judged to be the best single shot is shown below:

8168; F5.6; 1/40s; "Best Single Shot".
What have I learned from this exercise?

When setting out to create a portrait it is worthwhile taking a large number of images in order to explore all the possibilities and fine nuances of expression.  It is best to assess the person's expression (and gesture or pose if they vary), from frame to frame.  This on-the-spot assessment will affect the photography in the way you talk to and direct your subject, and in the moments you choose to make each exposure.  It will also affect the way you review and edit the sequence of images later, on the computer.

Friday, 13 January 2012

Photography 1: P & P, Proj 5: Eye-contact and Expression

Project 5: Eye-contact and Expression.

For this exercise I photographed the subject using a simple head and shoulders composition against a plain background.  No clothes are visible in the images.  This is to avoid the viewer's gaze being distracted from the subject.  For lighting I used an on-camera flash with a Gary Fong Light Sphere attached, (with cap removed).

Full-Face-1; Nikon D300; 50mm Primary Lens (75mm equiv.); F5.6; 1/60s
The general composition of this photograph is satisfactory although somewhat static, with the subject placed centrally.  I could have asked the subject to remove her earrings to further simplify the image.  However, I feel that they are part of the subject's public face, so I have left them in.  The lighting balance is about right due to the use of the light sphere on the flash.  This diffuser gives an even all-over lighting effect.  The subject is looking straight towards the camera with her head in a relaxed position.  The subject has a passive facial expression.  The subject's body language communicates that she is relaxed and at ease in the photographer's company.

Up-And-Away-1; Nikon D300; 50mm Primary Lens (75mm equiv.); F5.6; 1/60s
The general composition of this photograph is more interesting.  The subject is placed slightly off centre with her gaze away from the camera and up to her right.  The coloured background has worked better.  The subject is more differentiated from the background.  Once again the use of the light sphere on the flash has given an even lighting effect with few shadows.  The subject's head is at an interesting angle, tilted up towards the upper left of the frame.  The subject has an "interested" facial expression that is more attractive than that in the previous image.  The subject's body language communicates alertness, which makes for a more interesting portrait.

What have I learned from this project?

The background of a portrait is at least as important as the subject.  An unfussy background can isolate the subject and encourage the viewer to focus on the person in the portrait.  A coloured background helps to make the subject stand out.  Ideally, the colour should be different enough and possibly complimentary.  Sometimes a portrait will work better when the subject is not facing directly at the camera.  This can result in a more relaxed image of a non-professional model.